Contents
Abbreviations v
1 Introduction 1
2 Computational fluid dynamics explained 2
2.1 Grids 3
2.2 Sub-models 4
2.3 Other models 4
3 Computational fluid dynamics in use 5
3.1 Resources 5
3.2 Analysis of results 5
Building applications
4 Fire safety design 10
4.1 Data input 10
4.2 Data output 10
4.3 Post processing 11
4.4 Modelling assumptions 11
4.5 Fire investigation 12
5 Ventilation and thermal comfort 13
5.1 Defining indoor thermal comfort 13
6 Wind loading 15
6.1 Effect of turbulence models in wind loading calculations 15
6.2 Atmospheric boundary layer 16
6.3 Domain size 16
7 Microclimate around buildings 17
7.1 Identification of potential issues 17
7.2 Wind climate 17
7.3 Criteria for pedestrian comfort 18
7.4 Outdoor thermal comfort criteria 18
Case studies
8 Case study 1: Fire simulation 20
8.1 The test scenario 20
8.2 Setting up the problem 20
8.3 Simulations 20
8.4 Summary 22
9 Case study 2: Natural ventilation 23
9.1 The building 23
9.2 The CFD model 23
9.3 The problem considered 24
9.4 Summary 25
10 References 26