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تعداد نتایج: 1386

30 Years NEET Chapter-wise & Topic-wise Solved Papers BIOLOGY (2017 - 1988) 12th Edition

By Disha Experts
Publisher: Disha Publications, 2017-07-04
Pages: 465
Language: en
ISBN_13:9789386320650
ISBN_10:9386320657

Cellular and Molecular Regulation of Testicular Cells

جزئیات و درخواست

By Claude Desjardins
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media, 2012-12-06
Pages: 371
Language: en
ISBN_13:9781461223740
ISBN_10:1461223741
Subject: Medical

The Regulation of Joint Molecule Resolution During Meiotic Recombination

$In most organisms, passage of genetic information between generations is achieved through meiosis. Meiosis is a specialized cellular division in which chromosome replication is followed by two consecutive rounds of chromosome segregation (Meiosis I and Meiosis II). In this way, meiosis halves the ploidy of the resulting gametes, typically from diploid to haploid. Accurate segregation during Meiosis I requires that homologous chromosome pairs become connected by crossovers. In conjunction with sister-chromatid cohesion, crossovers allow stable bi-orientatation of homologs on the spindle to facilitate homolog disjunction. Defective crossing over results in homolog missegregation and aneuploidy, which is the leading known cause of miscarriage and congenital birth defects. Crossovers are formed by homologous recombination, a template-dependent DNA repair process. Following DNA replication, hundreds of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are formed to initiate meiotic recombination. Typically, a minor fraction of DSBs give rise to crossovers, while the majority result in non-crossover repair without associated exchange of chromosome arms. DSBs undergo resection to form long single-strand tails, which assemble filaments of RecA-family proteins that catalyze homologous pairing and DNA strand invasion of a homologous template chromosome. The resulting D-loop joint-molecule intermediates differentiate into crossover and non-crossover forms, which are processed in distinct ways. Crossovers form primarily through double Holliday junctions (dHJs), which require nuclease-mediated resolution. In contrast, non-crossover formation does not require dHJ formation and can occur by disassembling a D-loop that has been extended by DNA polymerase, and re-annealing the two DSB ends. Thus, precise and efficient processing of joint molecules is required to completed DSB repair, to form crossovers, and to remove inter-chromosomal entanglements that can impede chromosome separation. Therefore, understanding the mechanism and regulation of joint-molecule metabolism is fundamentally important for meiosis and has broad relevance for fertility, heredity, chromosome repair, genome stability and genetic diseases such as Down Syndrome and cancer. Taking advantage of the unique molecular-genetic tools available in budding yeast, I have investigated the pathways and mechanisms of joint-molecule resolution during meiosis. Initially, I worked on a collaborative effort to delineate the pathways of joint molecule processing during meiosis. We defined a crossover-biased joint-molecule resolution activity of the DNA mismatch-repair factors, Exo1 and Mlh1-Mlh3 (the MutL[gamma] complex), revealing that the nuclease activity of Mlh3, but not Exo1 is required. The Bloom's helicase ortholog, Sgs1, was shown to be required for the major crossover and non-crossover pathways, acting to limit a secondary pathway defined by the structure-selective JM processing endonucleases Mus81-Mms4, Slx4-Slx1 and Yen1. A second focus on my thesis examined the roles of the enigmatic Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes complex, Smc5/6, in meiotic joint-molecule processing. Previous research has shown that this essential complex was required for joint-molecule resolution in mitotically dividing yeast. However, the function of Smc5/6 during meiosis was not known. In collaboration with Dr. Eva Hoffmann's laboratory, we showed that the Smc5/6 complex has multiple functions during meiotic recombination. First, Smc5/6 prevents aberrant joint-molecule formation at early stages of meiosis. Later, Smc5/6 is essential for the resolution of a subset of joint molecules, specifically those that are dependent on the structure-selective endonucleases. The major focus of my thesis investigated the function of the STR complex, comprising the DNA helicase Sgs1 and the strand-passage enzyme comprising type I topoisomerase Top3 and stimulatory factor Rmi1. Previous research has shown that (STR) can catalyze the convergent migration of dHJs and their decatenation to yield specifically non-crossover products in a reaction called dHJ dissolution. In meiotic cells, most or all dHJs were thought to be resolved into crossovers, and non-crossovers were inferred to be formed by unwinding of D-loops by DNA helicases. Thus, the dissolution function of STR complex was not expected to play a significant role during meiosis. Surprisingly, I discovered that Top3-Rmi1 share all the functions previously demonstrated for Sgs1 during meiotic recombination, implying that Sgs1 always works as a complex with Top3-Rmi1 to process a variety of JM structures. In addition, I showed that Top3-Rmi1 has a unique and essential function to resolve a subset of joint molecules to facilitate chromosome segregation during anaphase I during meiosis. Surprisingly, this function of Top3-Rmi1 is independent of Sgs1. I surmise that the essential and prevalent roles of Top3-Rmi1 reflect the complex nature of recombination intermediates during meiosis.$

جزئیات و درخواست

By Shangming Tang
2015
Language: en
ISBN_10:1339542641
ISBN_13:9781339542645

Gametogenesis, Early Embryo Development and Stem Cell Derivation

جزئیات و درخواست

By Tiziana A.L. Brevini, PENNAROSSA GEORGIA
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media, 2012-09-30
Pages: 77
Language: en
ISBN_13:9781461455325
ISBN_10:1461455324
Subject: Science

Barron's Science 360: A Complete Study Guide to Biology with Online Practice

جزئیات و درخواست

By Gabrielle I. Edwards, Cynthia Pfirrmann
Publisher: Simon and Schuster, 2021-09-07
Pages: 504
Language: en
ISBN_13:9781506281339
ISBN_10:1506281338
Subject: Science

Princeton Review AP Biology Premium Prep, 26th Edition

6 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies & Te...

جزئیات و درخواست

By The Princeton Review
Publisher: Princeton Review, 2023-09-12
Pages: 449
Language: en
ISBN_13:9780593517024
ISBN_10:0593517024
Subject: Study Aids

Princeton Review AP Biology Prep, 26th Edition

3 Practice Tests + Complete Content Review + Strategies & Te...

جزئیات و درخواست

By The Princeton Review
Publisher: Princeton Review, 2023-09-12
Pages: 401
Language: en
ISBN_13:9780593517048
ISBN_10:0593517040
Subject: Study Aids

Genetics

A Beginner's Guide

جزئیات و درخواست

By Burton Guttman, David Suzuki, Tara Cullis
Publisher: Simon and Schuster, 2002-11-01
Pages: 320
Language: en
ISBN_13:9781780740232
ISBN_10:1780740239
Subject: Science

Human Molecular Genetics

جزئیات و درخواست

By Tom Strachan, Andrew Read
Publisher: Garland Science, 2018-03-29
Pages: 1437
Language: en
ISBN_13:9781136844065
ISBN_10:1136844066
Subject: Science

Selective Anatomy Vol 2, 2nd Edition-E-book

Preparatory manual for undergraduates

جزئیات و درخواست

By Vishram Singh
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2020-06-12
Pages: 339
Language: en
ISBN_13:9788131257050
ISBN_10:8131257053
Subject: Medical

Essential Biological Psychology

جزئیات و درخواست

By Jim Barnes
Publisher: SAGE, 2013-02-01
Pages: 418
Language: en
ISBN_13:9781446290217
ISBN_10:1446290212
Subject: Psychology

Crash Course Cell Biology and Genetics Updated Edition - E-Book

جزئیات و درخواست

By Mathew Stubbs, Narin Suleyman
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2015-01-12
Pages: 216
Language: en
ISBN_13:9780723439516
ISBN_10:0723439516
Subject: Medical

Oswaal NTA 19 Years' NEET (UG) Previous Solved Papers- Year-wise (2006 - 2024) Physics, Chemistry & Biology for 2025

جزئیات و درخواست

By Oswaal Editorial Board
Publisher: Oswaal Books, 2024-06-15
Pages: 681
Language: en
ISBN_13:9789362396310
ISBN_10:9362396319
Subject: Study Aids

CliffsAP Biology, 3rd Edition

جزئیات و درخواست

By Phillip E Pack
Publisher: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2011-11-08
Pages: 361
Language: en
ISBN_13:9780544178922
ISBN_10:0544178920
Subject: Study Aids

Essential Human Development

جزئیات و درخواست

By Samuel Webster, Geraint Morris, Euan Kevelighan
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, 2018-04-23
Pages: 496
Language: en
ISBN_13:9781118528624
ISBN_10:111852862X
Subject: Medical

NDA / NA General Knowledge (GK) Study Notes | National Defence Academy, Naval Academy Defence Entrance Exam - Theory and Practice Tests for Complete Preparation

جزئیات و درخواست

Publisher: EduGorilla Community Pvt. Ltd.,
Pages: 429
Language: en
ISBN_13:9789358804225
ISBN_10:935880422X
Subject: Education

Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Causes, Controversies and Treatment

جزئیات و درخواست

By Howard Carp
Publisher: CRC Press, 2007-06-13
Pages: 310
Language: en
ISBN_10:0415421306
ISBN_13:9780415421300
Subject: Medical

Human Reproductive and Prenatal Genetics

جزئیات و درخواست

By Peter C.K. Leung, Jie Qiao
Publisher: Elsevier, 2023-03-22
Pages: 930
Language: en
ISBN_13:9780323913812
ISBN_10:0323913814
Subject: Science

Reeder’s Maternity Nursing

جزئیات و درخواست

By AV Raman
Publisher: Wolters kluwer india Pvt Ltd, 2019-10-30
Language: en
ISBN_13:9789389335866
ISBN_10:9389335868
Subject: Medical

Cliffsnotes Biology Quick Review Third Edition

جزئیات و درخواست

By Kellie Ploeger Cox
Publisher: Cliffs Notes, 2019-05-14
Pages: 275
Language: en
ISBN_13:9781328505941
ISBN_10:1328505944
Subject: Science

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