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تعداد نتایج: 299

The Political Economy of Fracking

Private Property, Polycentricity, and the Shale Revolution

$Over the past two decades, "fracking" has led to a revolution in shale gas production. For some, shale gas promised economic opportunities, cheaper energy bills, and an alternative to coal. For others, shale gas was fool’s gold. Critics contend that the shale boom has occurred in a regulatory Wild West, that the response has been fractured and ineffective, or that the harmful environmental and health consequences exceed the benefits from shale gas production. The Political Economy of Fracking argues that the criticism of the shale revolution has been misplaced. The authors use insights from a diversity of perspectives in political economy to understand why the shale boom occurred, who won in the race for shale, and who was left behind. The book explains how private property rights and entrepreneurs led to the shale boom. It contends that polycentric governance, which encourages a diversity of regulatory responses, is a virtue because it generates knowledge about the most appropriate ways to regulate shale development. Private property rights and political institutions that provide for local self-governance also helped to ensure that the benefits of shale gas production exceeded its costs. The authors make the case for fracking shale gas using evidence from shale-producing countries from around the world, comparing them to those that have fallen behind in the shale race. They show that private property rights and markets have been a source of innovation and dynamism and that a diversity of regulatory responses is appropriate to govern shale gas development. This book is insightful reading for academics and professionals interested in the shale boom, the fracking industry in general, and regulatory policy.$

جزئیات و درخواست

By Ilia Murtazashvili, Ennio Piano
Publisher: Routledge, 2018-12-07
Pages: 315
Language: en
ISBN_13:9780429852701
ISBN_10:0429852703
Subject: Business & Economics

Fueling Resistance

The Contentious Political Economy of Biofuels and Fracking

$"This book explores how and why controversies over liquid biofuels (bioethanol and biodiesel) and hydraulic fracturing ("fracking") unfolded in surprisingly similar ways in the global North and South. In the early 2000s, the search was on for fuels that would reduce greenhouse gas emissions, spur economic development in rural regions, and diversify national energy supplies. Biofuels and fracking took centre stage as promising commodities and technologies. But controversy quickly erupted. Global enthusiasm for these fuels, and the widespread projections for their production around the world, collided with local politics. Rural and remote places, such as coastal east Africa and Canada's Yukon territory, became hotbeds of contention in these new energy politics. Opponents of biofuels in Kenya and of fracking in the Yukon activated specific identities, embraced scale shifts across transnational networks, brokered relationships between disparate communities and interests, and engaged in contentious performances with symbolic resonance. To explain these convergent dynamics of contention and resistance, the book argues that the emergence of grievances and the mechanisms of mobilization that are used to resist new fuel technologies depend less on the type of energy developed than on intersecting elements of the political economy of energy--specifically finance, ownership, and trade relations. Taken together, the intersecting elements of the political economy of energy shape patterns of resistance in new energy frontiers"--$

جزئیات و درخواست

By Kate J. Neville
2021
Language: en
ISBN_10:0197535615
ISBN_13:9780197535615
Subject: Biomass energy

The Political Economy of Local Fracking Bans

جزئیات و درخواست

By Joshua C. Hall, Christopher Shultz
2015
Language: en
OTHER:OCLC:933608303

Breaking New Ground in the 'Land of Great Thirst'

The Political Economy of Fracking and Exclusion in South Afr...

جزئیات و درخواست

By Kim Rahel Schultze
2013
Pages: 88
Language: en
OTHER:OCLC:1154258875

When Fracking Comes to Town

Governance, Planning, and Economic Impacts of the US Shale B...

$When Fracking Comes to Town traces the response of local communities to the shale gas revolution. Rather than cast communities as powerless to respond to oil and gas companies and their landmen, it shows that communities have adapted their local rules and regulations to meet the novel challenges accompanying unconventional gas extraction through fracking. The multidisciplinary perspectives of this volume's essays tie together insights from planners, legal scholars, political scientists, and economists. What emerges is a more nuanced perspective of shale gas development and its impacts on municipalities and residents. Unlike many political debates that cast fracking in black-and-white terms, this book's contributors embrace the complexity of local responses to fracking. States adapted legal institutions to meet the new challenges posed by this energy extraction process while under-resourced municipal officials and local planning offices found creative ways to alleviate pressure on local infrastructure and reduce harmful effects of fracking on the environment. The essays in When Fracking Comes to Town tell a story of community resilience with the rise and decline of shale gas production. Contributors: Ennio Piano, Ann M. Eisenberg, Pamela A. Mischen, Joseph T. Palka, Jr., Adelyn Hall, Carla Chifos, Teresa Córdova, Rebecca Matsco, Anna C. Osland, Carolyn G. Loh, Gavin Roberts, Sandeep Kumar Rangaraju, Frederick Tannery, Larry McCarthy, Erik R. Pages, Mark C. White, Martin Romitti, Nicholas G. McClure, Ion Simonides, Jeremy G. Weber, Max Harleman, Heidi Gorovitz Robertson$

جزئیات و درخواست

By Sabina E. Deitrick, Ilia Murtazashvili
Publisher: Cornell University Press, 2022-01-15
Pages: 317
Language: en
ISBN_13:9781501761003
ISBN_10:1501761005
Subject: Technology & Engineering

Fracking Uncertainty

Hydraulic Fracturing and the Provincial Politics of Risk

$Hydraulic fracturing – fracking – is an unconventional extraction technique used in the oil and gas industry that has fundamentally transformed global energy politics. In Fracking Uncertainty, Heather Millar explains variation in Canadian provincial policy approaches, which range from pro-development regulation to moratoria and outright bans. Millar argues that although regulatory designs are shaped by governments’ desires to seek out economic benefits or protect against environmental harms, policy makers’ perceptions of said benefits and/or harms are mediated through socially constructed narratives about uncertainty and risk. Fracking Uncertainty offers in-depth case studies of regulatory development in British Columbia, Alberta, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia. Drawing on media analysis and interviews with government officials, industry representatives, academics, and environmental advocates, Millar demonstrates how risk narratives foster distinctive forms of learning in each province, leading to different regulatory reforms.$

جزئیات و درخواست

By Heather Millar
Publisher: University of Toronto Press, 2024-08-30
Pages: 210
Language: en
ISBN_13:9781487552701
ISBN_10:148755270X
Subject: Political Science

More Boon Than Bane

$The paper argues that it is necessary to consider fracking from a political economy perspective to understand the key features of the shale boom, including why the benefits appear to exceed the costs. Several schools of thought provide insight into the performance of political-economic systems, including institutional economics, Austrian economics, the Bloomington School of institutional analysis, and public choice (Boettke and Leeson 2015). Despite many differences, recent work suggests that these schools of thought remain complementary (Boettke and Lopez 2002; Leeson and Subrick 2006). The U.S. shale boom illustrates the complementarity of these political economy perspectives. Austrian economics, with its insight into entrepreneurial leadership and vision, as well as creative destruction as a result of technological change, provides insight into the origin and consequences of fracking technology. Economic institutions, especially the robust system of private property rights to minerals, provided powerful incentives for owners to contract with gas companies. Another defining feature of the U.S. institutional context is polycentrism, which we argue encouraged regulatory experimentation in an environment characterized by uncertainty about how to best regulate shale gas. We conclude with some considerations about the role of politics in the shale boom.$

جزئیات و درخواست

By Ilia Murtazashvili, Ennio Emanuele Piano
2019
Language: en
OTHER:OCLC:1375523562

Energy, Capitalism and World Order

Toward a New Agenda in International Political Economy

$This original, timely and innovative collection is the first to offer critical IPE perspectives on the interconnections between energy, capitalism and the future of world order. The authors discuss the importance of energy for our understanding of the global political economy, climate change and key new developments like 'fracking'.$

جزئیات و درخواست

By Tim Di Muzio
Publisher: Springer, 2017-05-10
Pages: 334
Language: en
ISBN_13:9781137539151
ISBN_10:1137539151
Subject: Political Science

The Politics of Fracking

Regulatory Policy and Local Community Responses to Environme...

$Over the last decade, the oil and gas industry has garnered a lot of support from the United States federal and state governments in the name of energy independence and economic prosperity. More specifically, hydraulic fracturing or fracking is said to not only make the production of affordable energy possible but also reduce emissions of carbon dioxide by substituting coal with natural gas in the utility sector. Behind the façade of many socio-economic and political benefits, the process of fracking causes serious environmental concerns. Dismissing the negative externalities of fracking simply raises the question, to what extent have communities close to fracking sites been adversely impacted by it? In this book, Sarmistha R. Majumdar studies four communities close to fracking well sites in Texas to help illustrate to what extent fracking regulations have been developed in Texas and how effective these regulations have been in safeguarding the interests of individuals in local communities amidst the lure of economic gains from the extraction of oil and natural gas from shale formations. Majumdar has developed a model to show stage by stage community actions to regain their quality of life and the consequences of their actions, if any, on state and local regulations and ordinances, and the oil and gas industry. This book will be an important resource for scholars of environmental and natural resource politics and policy in the United States.$

جزئیات و درخواست

By Sarmistha R. Majumdar
Publisher: Routledge, 2018-08-29
Pages: 284
Language: en
ISBN_13:9781134823505
ISBN_10:1134823509
Subject: Political Science

Fracking im Spannungsfeld zwischen Energie- und Umweltpolitik

Die Diskussion in Deutschland und den Niederlanden im Vergle...

جزئیات و درخواست

By Kerstin Kontny
Publisher: Waxmann Verlag, 2016
Pages: 187
Language: de
ISBN_13:9783830984047
ISBN_10:3830984049
Subject: Political Science

The Political Economy of Local Vetoes

$The law is frequently called upon to resolve regulatory conflicts that arise when a majority mildly prefers policy X, and minority strongly prefers policy not X. Two emerging bodies of case law present this problem, both associated with the growing number of challenges to local restrictions on the use of hydraulic fracturing ("fracking") to produce oil and gas. One set of cases involves claims that these local restrictions are preempted by state oil and gas law; the other involves claims that, where a local ordinance survives preemption, it amounts to a regulatory taking. This article explores how the distribution of the costs and benefits of fracking drive the politics that provoke preemption and takings conflicts in the first place, and how the decision rules courts use to resolve preemption and takings claims try to address those distributional concerns. A close examination of the distribution of the impacts of fracking reveals that while most of the costs (especially the least speculative costs) and many of the benefits fall on locals, other, significant costs and benefits of production extend beyond local government boundaries. This suggests that since the state subsumes more of the impacts within its borders than does the local jurisdiction, the state is better situated to produce regulation that balances the costs and benefits of fracking. However, this line of reasoning does not account for the fact that locals and nonlocals have different preference intensities over this issue. If we want a decision process that accounts for preference intensities (rather than merely preference aggregation), then local government decision-making might do a better job of maximizing welfare, particularly if local governments can capture more of the benefits of production through taxation or other transfer programs. Finally, with respect to takings claims, it seems unlikely that the Supreme Court will adjust takings doctrine to permit the use of compensation schemes that produce efficient outcomes. Rather, it seems more likely that states or the private sector will allow local governments to capture more of the benefits of fracking directly, which offers another path to efficiency.$

جزئیات و درخواست

By David B. Spence
2014
Language: en
OTHER:OCLC:1375675169

Fracking

$An in-depth report on the potential risks and rewards of hydraulic fracturing for shale gas detailing the latest reports, studies, facts and figures from around the world. Objective and non-partisan analysis of the arguments from all sides means readers can make up their own minds about the potential risks and purported rewards of the shale gas industry.Simple and concise Fracking: Risks & Rewards cuts through the legal, scientific, political and economic jargon to provide a comprehensive guide to the entire fracking controversy.$

جزئیات و درخواست

By Barbara Hadley
Publisher: eBook Partnership, 2015-08-11
Pages: 140
Language: en
ISBN_13:9780957559530
ISBN_10:0957559534

Decision-making Under Uncertainty

The Political Economy of Shale Gas

جزئیات و درخواست

By H. Petersen
2016
Language: en
OTHER:OCLC:1064679476

The Fracking Debate

Intergovernmental Politics of the Oil and Gas Renaissance, S...

$The disputes around fracking, and oil and gas policy, follow a long tradition of complicated intergovernmental relationships. Proponents argue that fracking supports new and well-paying jobs, revitalizes state and local economies, and that it can help replace reliance on other fossil fuels. Skeptics and opponents contend that oil and gas production via fracking contaminates air and water resources, causes earthquakes, and can ruin the character of many communities. Examining the intergovernmental politics of the first oil and natural gas boom of the 21st century, The Fracking Debate, Second edition offers a holistic understanding of the politics that characterize oil and natural gas operations, including why local governments are challenging their state’s preemptive authority, in order to initiate a larger conversation about improving intergovernmental relationships. Author Jonathan Fisk presents a novel argument about the ways in which local, state, regional, and national approaches to governance of shale gas development can work together to reduce conflict and forward the interests of the communities exposed to development, asking important questions such as: What state structures govern state-local relations? What state institutions impact and shape oil and gas production? What is the policymaking context in the state? What are the costs and benefits of hydraulic fracturing at the national, state, and local levels? How are risks and rewards distributed within states? What local policies have challenged the state, and why would local communities challenge the state? The result is a book that demonstrates that when stakeholders acknowledge their interdependencies and one another’s expertise, they create, design, and implement more responsive, strategic, and targeted public policies. The Fracking Debate, Second edition will be required reading for courses on oil and gas policy in the United States, environmental politics, and domestic energy politics, as well as a vital reference for practitioners and policymakers working in these fields.$

جزئیات و درخواست

By Jonathan M. Fisk
Publisher: Routledge, 2017-08-07
Pages: 257
Language: en
ISBN_13:9781315318639
ISBN_10:1315318636
Subject: Political Science

Governing Fracking from the Ground Up

$In The Political Economy of Local Vetoes, 93 Texas Law Review 351 (2014), David Spence asks how we can regulate drilling and hydraulic fracturing for oil and gas in a manner that ultimately maximizes net benefits -- assessing whether state or local veto authority over oil and gas development will achieve this result. Although Spence does not directly invoke the Calabresi-Melamed framework, his arguments fit rather neatly within it. One way to achieve an efficient level of oil and gas development, Spence suggests, is for states to use some of their fracturing-related surplus to compensate local governments for the concentrated costs they experience. This is what Calabresi and Melamed would call a liability rule. Spence focuses instead on what one could label as a property rule -- whether giving local or state governments the authority to ban oil and gas development and fracking will best promote Coasean bargaining. Spence concludes that in light of strong preferences at the local level, giving local governments veto power will lead to more bargaining, and thus more efficient outcomes, than will state-level decision making. Spence's Article is thorough and persuasive, but I would slightly reconstruct his account in three modest ways. First, when focusing on the question of whether states should preempt local governments, we must not forget other actors. Fracking generates benefits and costs not fully internalized by local governments and oil and gas producers, and state, regional, and federal regulatory actors need a voice in the bargaining process. Second, we must look more closely at the role of regulation -- not just an up or down veto -- by local governments. Local governments understand the concentrated impacts of oil and gas development, and, rather than fully banning this development, many cities and towns have regulated the practice in a sophisticated manner. It is also important to more closely consider the transaction costs that local governments and producers face in bargaining. And finally, as academics and courts continue to wrangle over the proper allocation of fracking entitlements, we must turn to the Coasean scheme that Spence only briefly addresses -- the scheme that very few states have adopted, in which states compensate local governments for their losses -- while waiting for an improved governance solution.$

جزئیات و درخواست

By Hannah Jacobs Wiseman
2015
Language: en
OTHER:OCLC:1375683872

Toward a Political Economy of the Commons

Simple Rules for Sustainability

جزئیات و درخواست

By Cai, Meina, Murtazashvili, Ilia, Brick Murtazashvili, Jennifer, Salahodjaev, Raufhon
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022-01-14
Pages: 192
Language: en
ISBN_13:9781800374324
ISBN_10:1800374321
Subject: Business & Economics

The Political Economy of Oil

جزئیات و درخواست

By Ferdinand E. Banks
1980
Pages: 255
Language: en
OTHER:OCLC:463895677

The Politics of Shale Gas in Eastern Europe

Energy Security, Contested Technologies and the Social Licen...

$Fracking is a novel but contested energy technology - so what makes some countries embrace it whilst others reject it? This book argues that the reason for policy divergence lies in procedures and processes, stakeholder inclusion and whether a strong narrative underpins governmental policies. Based on a large set of primary data gathered in Poland, Bulgaria and Romania, it explores shale gas policies in Central Eastern Europe (a region strongly dependent on Russian gas imports) to unveil the importance of policy regimes for creating a 'social license' for fracking. Its findings suggest that technology transfer does not happen in a vacuum but is subject to close mutual interaction with political, economic and social forces; and that national energy policy is not a matter of 'objective' policy imperatives, such as Russian import dependence, but a function of complex domestic dynamics pertaining to institutional procedures and processes, and winners and losers.$

جزئیات و درخواست

By Andreas Goldthau
Publisher: Cambridge University Press, 2019-10-31
Language: en
ISBN_10:1316635228
ISBN_13:9781316635223
Subject: Political Science

Fracking America

Sacrificing Health and the Environment for Short-Term Econom...

$In his most provocative and in-depth investigation to date, award-winning journalist Walter M. Brasch digs deep into the issue of fracking, and extracts the truth about the process and effects. FRACKING AMERICA is the most extensive and comprehensive look at fracking of any of the books about fracking, with a focus upon how fracking impacts the individual, both those who live near gas wells and those who can be affected but live far from major shale fields. Among the 25 chapters are those that look at health; environment; air and water pollution; economics; the politics and lobbying; agriculture; transportation of gas and its problems; media (how the media report fracking, how the industry and the anti-fracking protestors use the media); the large anti-fracking movement; theological base and climate change; renewable energy.$

جزئیات و درخواست

By Walter M. Brasch
2016-07-22
Pages: 690
Language: en
ISBN_10:0942991303
ISBN_13:9780942991307
Subject: Political Science

Renewable Energy Transformation or Fossil Fuel Backlash

Vested Interests in the Political Economy

جزئیات و درخواست

By Espen Moe
Publisher: Springer, 2016-04-29
Pages: 304
Language: en
ISBN_13:9781137298799
ISBN_10:1137298790
Subject: Political Science

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