American Literature and the Universe of Force
Description:... Traces the scientific and philosophical expansion of the concept of "force" in the 19th century, particularly in the work of Herbert Spencer, whose "Synthetic Philosophy" made the idea available to a wide range of writers. Details how Spencer helped to shape social ideals, ethical standards and the way people conceived of their place metaphysically in a period that was dominated by secular and scientific thought. Martin scrutinizes the force theory as it influenced the history of science, theological and philosophical discourse, popular culture and fiction. Also studies four American naturalists -- Henry Adams, Frank Norris, Jack London and Theodore Dreiser.
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