The clinical examination of the nervous system (Seventh Edition)

PREFACE TO THE SEVENTH EDITION The steady advance of clinical neurology has again necessitated a thorough revision of this book. Numerous additions and alterations have been made — some chapters partly re-written. A number of new illustrations have been introduced, chiefly in the chapter on ventriculography and encephalography, in accordance with the increasing importance of these diagnostic methods. (At present it needs emphasizing, however, that these methods should be regarded as supplementary methods only.) A short description of angiography has been included. A brief outline of the examination of unconscious patients has also been added. The additional X-ray pictures have all been reproduced from the negative films. As the older X-ray pictures, reproduced from the positives, have been retained, this entails a lack of uniformity, which, however, may be useful to the beginner, who should become familiar both with the positive and negative films. In deciding what to include and what to omit I have been guided by the experience gained in the daily work in my clinic* With three exceptions all the photos reproduced in this book are from cases observed in my clinic, and all the X-ray photos are taken by the X-ray department of the hospital. I take the opportunity of thanking that department, and its leader Professor Dale, for valuable assistance at all times. I am also indebted to my senior assistant, Dr. Torkildsen, for valuable help and for permission to reproduce two of his diagrams illustrating ventriculographic interpretation. Dr. Torkildsen has also, during the last years, done all the neurosurgery of my clinic. I also wish to thank Dr. A. Gurney Yates, of Sheffield, for permission to use two excellent photos, which appear as Figs. 31 and 32 (the only photos in this book not taken from my own collection). I am indebted to Professor J. C. McKinley for permission to reproduce his Motor Function Chart. Further, my thanks are due to Dr. Forsberg (in charge of the clinic's O.P. department) for assistance rendered; and, finally, I wish to thank my former senior assistant, Dr. Lossius, for his kind help in correcting the proofs for this as well as for the previous editions. An increase in size has been unavoidable. But it has been my aim to keep the book within reasonable limits. For this reason also the Foreword by my friend and former teacher, Dr. T. Grainger Stewart, has been left out in the present edition. I take this opportunity to thank him both for his kindness in writing that generous introduction, which as Foreword has accompanied all previous editions, and also for all his kindness to me during that remote time when, as a budding neurologist, I served my first apprenticeship at the National Hospital of Queen Square. Last but not least I want to express my appreciation of the unfailing helpfulness of the publishers. G. H. MONRAD-KROHN.