In 1992, under the alias "The Phoenix," James Keaney published The Rape of Emergency Medicine, which detailed corruption that negatively impacted patient care. He maintained that exploitation of emergency physicians was rampant. Many "leaders" in the field were siphoning significant profits through unfair business tactics and hiring unqualified emergency physicians willing to work for less pay. This wake-up call beckoned the formation of the American Academy of Emergency Medicine (AAEM).